Conocimientos de los estudiantes de gestión sobre la responsabilidad social de las empresas: un estudio comparativo de diez países latinoamericanos
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10806972Palabras clave:
Responsabilidad social empresarial (RSE), estudiantes universitarios de administración, universidades latinoamericanas, conocimiento de la responsabilidad social empresarialResumen
La falta de una teoría sólida y ampliamente aceptada sobre la responsabilidad social de las empresas ha hecho que los líderes empresariales a menudo desconozcan, o duden, de la presencia de la responsabilidad social en el amplio espectro de prácticas empresariales en las que se manifiesta. Dado que los estudiantes de licenciatura en programas relacionados con la gestión son los futuros líderes empresariales, es importante indagar en los conocimientos que tienen sobre este tema. Para ello, se seleccionó una muestra de estudiantes de universidades de diez países latinoamericanos de habla hispana: Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, México, Nicaragua, Panamá, Perú, Uruguay y Venezuela. Se utilizó un cuestionario estructurado para medir su conocimiento de 18 prácticas de responsabilidad social representativas de tres dimensiones del concepto: responsabilidad interna, responsabilidad hacia los grupos de interés externos de la cadena de valor y responsabilidad hacia el medio ambiente. Se comprobó que existe un desconocimiento generalizado de las prácticas empresariales que constituyen acciones de responsabilidad social, que algunas prácticas son más conocidas que otras (las más conocidas son las relacionadas con el medio ambiente mientras que las menos conocidas son las relacionadas con los grupos de interés externos de la cadena de valor), y que el grado de este conocimiento depende del país en el que se encuentren las universidades. Además, se comprobó que la relación entre conocimientos y país no está mediada por el género, la edad, la experiencia laboral, la carrera estudiada o el año de estudio. Estos resultados sugieren que la enseñanza de la responsabilidad social en las universidades latinoamericanas no pone el mismo énfasis en todas las dimensiones del concepto, y que esta enseñanza difiere de un país a otro.
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